With the explosive growth of embedded devices over the past few decades, both hardware components and software tools have improved significantly. Despite this growth and innovation, the design methods of traditional embedded systems have made little progress and have gradually become an obstacle. In view of the rapid development of new standards and protocols, and the increasing pressure on product launches, embedded system design is about to undergo a subversive paradigm shift.
As the advances in hardware technology and software tools are accelerating, the challenges posed by integration are beginning to emerge. Failure to properly address these challenges will make end products more expensive and hinder the experimentation, growth and launch of more innovative designs.
Standard embedded architecture
In the general computing market, standardization has led to more robust and durable operating systems, more refined end applications, and advances in basic hardware components. What we have learned from this is that from the time saved by efforts to customize the hardware architecture and related software components, better solutions will be available, which will speed time to market.
In the embedded world, a corresponding standard architecture should be flexible enough to accommodate different use cases, while still providing a path that can be updated. In view of these limitations, the most robust and durable architecture in the embedded world is to work together with a microprocessor and FPGA, as one (Figure A). The combination of the two will enable significant design flexibility.
Figure A: In the standard hardware architecture of the figure, the combination of processor and FPGA provides flexibility, while standardization allows the use of higher-order tools to achieve significant benefits in the design process. The processor allows existing code link libraries to be reused, while FPGAs allow flexible implementations of custom algorithms.
FPGAs deliver the benefits of hardware determinism and reliability without the cost and flexibility of ASIC design. In addition, loading new logic and redefining links in the FPGA structure allows engineers to implement designs that are not obsolete and have a more robust update path without major modifications on the hardware.
The combination of processors and FPGAs in embedded system design has become more and more popular in many industries. Design and development engineers of embedded systems are using designs based on multiple processors and FPGAs. Among them, FPGAs are used to perform accurate and high-speed measurements, or run time-critical algorithms. At the same time, the processor is used to execute a real-time operating system to handle low-frequency control loops and provide Ethernet communication to other distributed nodes and facilitate remote data access, system management and diagnostics.
Advanced tools
A key benefit of the standard architecture is that more powerful and optimized advanced tools can be developed and used for design. Higher-level tools allow experts in one area to drill down into embedded system designs with smaller and more efficient design teams. As a result, smaller design teams can bring more complex products to market.
effectiveness
Efficiency can be achieved with higher-order design tools and language development, and general-purpose calculations can prove this efficiency. Unsurprisingly, the embedded market will begin to see the growth of high-end design tools, including Xilinx AutoESL C-to-Gates high-end synthesis tools, Mentor Graphics Catapult C synthesis tools, and NI LabVIEW final system design software.
About the Author
Sanjay Challa is an embedded software product manager at NI National Instruments and focuses on real-time operating systems and embedded systems based on FPGAs. He joined the company in 2010. He holds a bachelor's degree in biomedical engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta.
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