With the marketization of scientific research and technology development, it has become increasingly difficult to complete complex electronic system design in a short period of time using traditional electronic design methods. EDA (Electronics Design AutomaTIon) technology is an advanced, fast and effective electronic design automation tool with the rapid development of integrated circuits and computer technology. This paper introduces the main features and functions of EDA technology, and discusses the introduction of EDA technology into digital circuit design work.
1 EDA technology
EDA (Electronic Circuit Design Station Automation) is based on computer as the working platform, hardware description language (VHDL) as the design language, programmable device (CPLD/FPGA) as the experimental carrier, and ASIC/SOC chip as the target device. Component modeling and system simulation electronics automation design process. EDA is a revolution in the field of electronic design, which is derived from computer-aided design, computer-aided manufacturing, computer-aided testing, and computer-aided engineering. Using EDA tools, electronic designers start designing electronic systems from concepts, algorithms, and protocols, from circuit design to performance analysis to IC layout or PCB layout generation. EDA represents the latest development direction of today's electronic design technology. Its basic feature is that designers use computer as a tool, according to the top-down design method, the whole system is designed and functionally divided, and the system description level is completed by hardware description language. Using advanced development tools to automate logic compilation, simplification, segmentation, synthesis, optimization, place and route, simulation, and specific target chip adaptation and program download, this is called a high-level design method for digital logic circuits.
1.1 Introduction to EDA Software
"EDA" is Electronic Design AutomaTIon, which helps people design electronic circuits or system software tools that make it possible to design more complex circuits and systems. Currently entering China and having a wide range of EDA software: muhisim7, OW_AD, Protel, Viewlogio, Mentor, Synopsys, PCBW Id, Cadence, MicmSim, etc. These softwares have their own characteristics, which are roughly divided into chip-level design tools and board-level design. Tools, programmable logic device development tools and circuit simulation tools, etc.; Protel is the most popular and widely used software for printed circuit board design in China. It is produced by Australian protd Technology and used to be used for schematics. Input and PCB layout design, starting with Protel 98, adding analog and digital hybrid circuit simulation module and programmable logic device design module. In 1999, Protel launched a more powerful EDA integrated design environment Protel 99, which integrates all EDA content into one. As a complete EDA software, the software has great potential, but its most distinctive and powerful features are still schematic input and PCB layout design.
1.2 Main contents of EDA technology
EDA technology covers a wide range of content, from the perspective of teaching and practical, it should mainly grasp the following four aspects: one is large-scale programmable logic device; the second is hardware description language; the third is software development tool; the fourth is experiment development system. Among them, the large-scale programmable logic device is the electronic system design carrier using EDA technology, the hardware description language is the main expression means of electronic system design using EDA technology, and the software development tool is the intelligent automatic design tool for electronic system design using EDA technology. The experimental development system is an electronic system design download tool and hardware verification tool using EDA technology.
1.3 Main features of EDA technology
As the leading technology in modern electronic system design, EDA has several distinct features:
1.3.1 Designing Hardware with Software Design Methods
The hardware system conversion is automatically completed by the relevant development software. The design input can be the schematic VHDL language. The software design method is used to test the specific function hardware circuit design, and the hardware design modification work is as fast and convenient as modifying the software program. The process involves almost no hardware, and the operability and product interchangeability are strong.
1.3.2 based on chip design method
The EDA design method, also known as the chip-based design method, has a higher degree of integration, enabling on-chip system integration, more complex circuit chip design and ASIC design, resulting in small size, low power consumption, and high reliability. In system programming or field programming, the device programming, reconstruction, and modification are simple and convenient, and online upgrade can be realized; various simulations can be performed, the development cycle is short, the design cost is low, and the design flexibility is high.
1.3.3 High degree of automation
EDA technology automatically processes the electronic product from the circuit function simulation, performance analysis, optimization design to the result test according to the design input file, and automatically generates the target system, so that the designer does not have to learn a lot of in-depth professional knowledge, and can also be exempted. Many derivation operations can achieve optimized design results, high degree of design automation, reduced designer workload, and high development efficiency.
1.3.4 Automatic product design
EDA technology automatically performs logic compilation, simplification, synthesis, simulation, optimization, layout, routing, adaptation, and download programming to generate a target system based on a design input file (HDL or schematic) to simulate an electronic product from a circuit function. , performance analysis, optimization design to the results of the test process is automatically processed on the computer;
1.4 EDA technical points
1.4.1 Programmable Logic Device - PLD
The development of digital logic devices directly reflects the transition from discrete components, small and medium-sized standard chips to programmable logic devices. ISP technology and HDPLD devices enable designers to easily develop dedicated integrated digital circuit chip ASICs in the lab. Currently, many well-known manufacturers at home and abroad have developed a new generation of ISP devices and corresponding development software (such as Synario, EXPERT, FundaTIon). , MAX Plus2, etc.).
1.4.2 "top down" design method
Ten years ago, the basic idea of ​​electronic design was to choose a standard integrated circuit "Bottom-Up" to construct a new system. This design method, such as building a building with the same brick and tile, is not only inefficient, costly and error-prone, but the high-level design provides us with a new top-Down design method. The system starts with functional block diagram division and structure design at the top level, simulates and corrects errors at the block diagram level, describes the high-level system with hardware description language, performs verification at the system level, and then uses the integrated optimization tool to generate the specific gate network. The corresponding physical implementation level of the table may be a printed circuit board or an application specific integrated circuit. Since the main simulation and debugging process of the design is completed at a high level, this is advantageous for early detection of structural design errors, avoiding design waste, and reducing The logic function simulates the workload and improves the design success rate.
2 digital circuit design
Since the 1990s, the development of electronic information products has clearly shown two characteristics: First, the product complexity has deepened; Second, the time limit for product launch is urgent. With the improvement of computer cost performance and the emergence of programmable logic devices, the traditional digital electronic system design method has been revolutionized. The modern electronic system design method is that the designer designs the chip to realize the electronic system function, and selects the traditional firmware and the circuit board design. Work is done in the chip design. However, circuit design is essentially based on gate-level description of single-level design (mainly based on digital circuits). Designing all work (including design input, simulation and analysis, design modification, etc.) is performed at the level of basic logic gates. Obviously, this design method can not adapt to the new situation, for which a high-level electronic design method, also known as system design method, is introduced.
The design of digital circuit itself is a comprehensive design. The design circuit generally contains different types of circuits. In the design process, there are inevitably many errors and shortcomings. If you install and debug directly on the circuit board according to this design circuit. The result often makes the circuit debugging time-consuming and laborious, and even causes problems such as damage to components and equipment, resulting in the design not achieving the desired results. Using EDA technology to design digital circuits on the simulation software platform can help familiarize with and master the most advanced circuit design methods and skills. In the rapid development of electronic technology, new devices and new circuits are constantly emerging, and the design conditions are restricted by factors such as funding, and generally cannot be updated in time. Using software simulation method, virtualize an advanced test instrument and complete electronic workbench on the computer, which can carry out experimental training for verification, testability and design, and cultivate the ability to use computer and analyze, apply and innovate circuit. "Imitating the reality" and "softening the hard" should become one of the trends in contemporary design development.
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