introduction
Since urban road lighting energy conservation is a new field of energy conservation, people need time to innovate lighting concepts, and need to improve control and power supply technology. Therefore, some misleading and even wrong ideas are inevitable in lighting energy conservation.
Urban road lighting with high-efficiency energy-saving lamps, in terms of energy conservation, because of the need for scientific convergence between new technologies and traditional street lighting control, there are also many conflicts of ideas in actual projects. It is necessary for all parties involved to understand the people-oriented and energy-saving aspects from a development perspective. Connotation, thus negotiating a reasonable solution.
Misleading or mistakes in the development process, whether intentional or unintentional, must be corrected and guided in time. Otherwise, lighting energy conservation will be detoured, and it will even seriously affect the enthusiasm of energy conservation and market development.
Based on the above reasons, this paper collects technical information from street lighting energy-saving projects, including many urban road lighting technology details and ideas, in order to clarify energy-saving ideas.
1 Lighting energy-saving technology
1.1 The effect of sudden/flashing voltage regulation on lamps
At present, most of the street lamps are H ID metal halide lamps and sodium lamps. The cutting of the current makes the equipment vulnerable to arcing damage, and the lamps are extinguished and re-ignited, which seriously shortens the life of the lamps. When the sodium lamp is not cut off, the voltage is abruptly 5V or more, which will cause the arc to drift and extinguish. The metal halide lamp is unstable and extinguished when the 3V is abrupt. Therefore, the commercial operation of the early electromagnetic shift has had serious adverse consequences. A similar phenomenon has occurred in a city in southern Jiangxi, so that the Ministry of Construction is very cautious about street lighting energy conservation, and stipulates in the “Eleventh Five-Year†urban green lighting project planning outline that it is strictly forbidden to instantaneously extinguish the lights during voltage regulation. In the economically developed Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions, large-scale electromagnetic energy-saving products have been removed.
In order to solve the flash-off mutation, there are several energy-saving companies in China that have introduced self-adhesive regulators with “imported†carbon brushes, but in the face of high current and inductive loads, as well as dust and moisture, the product has safety problems. The street lamp power saver adopts the "high-frequency PWM AC voltage regulator" technology. Due to the use of high-frequency power electronic control, the contactless continuous precision adjustment of the stable output voltage is an ideal urban road lighting control energy-saving product.
1.2 electromagnetic fixed voltage reduction energy-saving hazards
The traditional electromagnetic voltage regulating power saver is generally divided into three-phase unified zero shifting, three-phase independent zero shifting, three-phase independent compensation shifting, carbon brush self-coupled transformer adjustment compensation and voltage regulation. These products all have voltage regulation function, but due to electromagnetic shift or carbon brush flashing impact, output fault power, lamp extinction, equipment impact, grid surge, and shopping mall computer damage, so the actual use is in a fixed voltage regulator position. The fixed voltage regulation has the following problems:
(1) Fixed buck power saver, saving electricity, saving lamp life, lamp replacement cost and engineering cost.
If the fixed voltage drop is 5V, the power saving rate is too low, the fixed voltage is 10V, and the power saving rate is not high. If the light is turned on, it will drop 20V. When the light is turned on, many lights will not light up. Even if all the new lights are replaced, they will become old lights after 3 months. These lights are difficult to ignite at 200V. In order to save energy, they have to be replaced. In fact, these lamps can continue to be used at normal voltage.
(2) Depressurization when turning on the lights will bring about a series of social problems.
When high-intensity lighting is needed in the evening, the lights are dim, traffic accidents increase, vicious incidents occur frequently, and at the same time affect the city image and residents' lives. The masses and public security complaints are serious.
(3) It is impossible to illuminate on demand, and waste is serious.
In the first half of the night, the grid was heavily loaded, and the lights were dark when lighting was needed. The voltage was high in the middle of the night. When lighting was not needed, the lights were brighter.
(4) Not in line with environmental protection and sustainable development.
The consumption of a large amount of high-energy and rare copper and bismuth steel, severely stolen and destroyed, and large-scale use, will lead to greater environmental pollution and energy waste.
1.3 Carbon brush adjustment compensation voltage regulation and SCR CNC compensation voltage regulation challenges
For lighting energy saving, especially street lamp energy saving, fixed buck has already shown many drawbacks. For example, sometimes the new lamp can not be started under low voltage, and the electromagnetic shift also shows the lamp off and the device is damaged.
Therefore, some energy-saving enterprises use the carbon brush compensation stepless voltage regulation for lighting energy saving, and use the servo motor to drive the chain carbon brush to realize the voltage regulation and voltage regulation, but the experts have doubts about its reliability, so that the manufacturer also makes notes in the precautions. Description: "Maintenance at least once a month, polish the copper surface with very fine sandpaper as new, pay close attention, if there is odor or smoke, immediately cut off the power and notify the manufacturer." Imagine that it is unrealistic to assign one person to each street light distribution cabinet.
The thyristor replaces the contactor and realizes the contactless compensation voltage regulation. This technology is called "CNC voltage regulation" and has applications in the IT industry such as communication and radio (back-end rectifier bridge circuit, no current lag), but in In terms of street lamps, the load is inductive, the current and voltage phases are complex, and it is easy to commutate. It requires high-power resistors to absorb short-circuit current. The power consumption of the resistor is large, the design is difficult, the power is difficult to be large, and the voltage regulation is still there. Despite more than a decade of development, the application of domestic digital voltage regulators in street lamps is still immature.