[Audio Network Information] With the development of the popular music industry, the overall quality of music works has become more and more concerned by people. The development of mixing technology is no longer so simple as multi-track synthesis stereo, usually the works will be integrated. The mixer has a lot of thinking and creation, and also has a lot of second-level creations for the materials after the arrangement and recording. It is these creations that make the music itself have more musical elements, richer audibility and Appreciation.
In this paper, according to the steps of the usual mixing, the creative ideas of each step in the mixing process are expounded. The main contents include: preparation before mixing, steps of mixing, application ideas of mixers in mixing, mixing The overall design of the work, etc.
First, the preparation before mixing <br> Good mixing works can not be separated from excellent preparatory work, mainly including mixing environment, equipment, materials, paragraph marks and so on.
First of all, the environment requirements of mixing mainly refer to the listening environment. A good listening environment is essential for mixing. My mixing environment is usually in my own recording studio (Allanwang Studio). It was rebuilt on the basis of the original house. Because it is the bottom business, the room height is 4.3M and the area is close to 150M2. After the acoustic construction is completed, the net space of the main control room is only about 20 M2 (excluding another control room and recording studio). There is also a rest room). Because of the street front, the sound insulation adopts the structure of “room in the roomâ€. The control room and the recording studio adopt a suspension structure. The interior adopts a strong sound absorption structure, and some positions are arranged with a reflection structure. The reverberation time is finally The control is around 0.2S.
After the recording studio is built, the frequency response is obviously falling below 60Hz. This has a certain relationship with the sound and monitoring devices. Fortunately, the frequency response above 100Hz is still very flat, so it is necessary to pay attention to the things mixed in this shed. Low frequency, if the mixed low frequency is very full, there may be more out. In order to solve this problem, it is usually necessary to use headphones in the monitoring device to improve the understanding of the low frequency. The most important thing is that I have adapted to the hearing here, which is very important for the sound engineer.
Secondly, for the equipment used: the main system is Pro Tools HD3, the audio interface is the Alpha link of SSL, in addition to the SSL xrack analog mixer for SUMMING. Peripherals also include the TC REVERB 4000 reverb and WAVES MAXBCL.
The monitor speakers are a very important part of the mix. The main monitor speakers are Genelec 1031A and the monitor headphones are Sennheiser HD600. These two are the monitors I am used to. Monitor speakers are difficult to measure by standard. No one monitor is absolutely accurate. Mixers can only find their relative relationship through different monitors. As long as they are familiar with their monitors and adapt to it, they can make relatively accurate. works.
For the preparation of materials, mainly including pitch, rhythm, breathing and contacts.
Vocals and all recorded instruments with melody will involve the problem of pitch. The pitch of the instrument part is usually solved in the previous recording. The later focus is on correcting the pitch of the lead vocal and chorus.
The rhythm part mainly involves the recorded instruments. If you have recorded a real drum, you must make a very detailed adjustment. Of course, this work should be done before recording other instruments, otherwise it will affect the instruments recorded next.
Breathing mainly refers to vocals and guitars. When recording vocals, the phenomenon of cutting points is often cut off. Before the mixing, the correction needs to be done naturally, including the size, position, and depth of breathing. and many more.
The contact point is the point cut by the sound engineer every time the recording button is pressed. Before the mixing, all the contacts must be inspected to ensure that there can be no defects. Many places need to be solved by fading or cross-fading. Sonic boom.
If there are problems at the above points, it is impossible to start the following work.
The next thing to do is to divide the passages for the music and further understand which instruments are in each paragraph and their basic functions in the orchestration. Learn about the most basic musical styles of music, such as the first songs based on piano strings, or the guitar bass drums, etc., all of which need to be clear before mixing.
Second, the steps of mixing <br> When the preparation of the mix is ​​done, you can start to enter the process of mixing. The step of mixing is actually a work habit. Some people like to start mixing from the kick drum. Some people like to go from the shell. The division began to mix, but no matter which instrument you start from, you must have enough ability to control it, otherwise it will have several drawbacks.
For example, people who like to mix from the instrument often appear when they finally join the human voice track. The vocals can't be integrated into the band. The space is already occupied by other instruments. Listening to the band is very good, but it will be incompatible with singing. . The songs are not divided into the main and secondary, and the purpose of the band is not able to achieve the vocal.
The beginning of the mix is ​​also very important. Some people like to start mixing from the first note they enter, and mix it into the chorus to find that the main output is overloaded. Therefore, there is a good mixing habit for the smooth mixing process. Very important.
The current relatively scientific mixing method is:
1. Mixing from the human voice track 2. Mixing from the richest passage of music 3. Mixing the melody instrument from the rhythm instrument 4. Mixing the instrument with high frequency from the instrument with low frequency
Principle: Based on the vocal, gradually add instruments to the vocals. Every addition should be considered at the same time: scale, tone, dynamic, space.
The reason for starting to mix up from the human voice track is that the focus of the song is to express words and songs rather than arrange songs. Therefore, the most important thing is the lead singer. The orchestrator is just to sing the lead singer. Any singer will not like what the singer can't hear after the completion of the work. This is one of the most important indicators for measuring the remixed works in the Mainland. The singer must I heard that my voice was perfect, so at the beginning of the mix, we should try to adjust the lead singer to be especially good, and adjust to the ideal state of this vocal.
The reason why the most abundant passages of music are mixed up is to solve the phenomenon that the level of the chorus can not be controlled. The most abundant passage of music is usually in the chorus section of music. At this time, the orchestration is basically fuller than other passages. If you start to mix up here, imagine that when all the instruments are released, the level is still within the control range, and the other paragraphs of the music are even less likely to be above this level.
For example, the most abundant passage of a piece of work is the chorus in the second paragraph. If I enter the drum from the second paragraph, I choose to start mixing from B2, and there is a problem of reserved level. Practice has proved that ordinary people can feel the change of 1dB. Sometimes the emotion of music needs to be progressive. The good mix works will change with the progress of the paragraph, and the level will change appropriately to arouse the deeper. Emotional changes, so it is very important to choose which paragraph to start to mix. It is important to note that there are several paragraphs in the same paragraph. There should be 1-2 decibels between each paragraph, at the output level. Be prepared to make a reserve level for each paragraph.
Mixing rhythm instruments from melody instruments, we usually compare percussion to the skeleton of a song, and the melodic instrument to the flesh of a song. Human beings are better at grasping the changes in the rhythm. The mix must have a reference object. Therefore, the percussion starts with the vocals. In addition, the level transients of the percussion instruments are relatively large, which is more suitable for our more reasonable control. Overall level.
From a low-frequency instrument to a high-frequency instrument, in any group of instruments, the low frequency is the basis of the frequency. The lower the frequency, the more energy, the greater the influence on the level. From the perspective of the masking effect, if it is mixed first For high-frequency instruments, when the low-frequency instruments are added, some frequencies will be masked off, so the relative relationship between the instruments has to be re-adjusted. If you start mixing from low-frequency instruments at the beginning, it is not easy to appear.
Usually the order of mixing a song is: vocals, percussion, bass, piano, guitar, string, accompaniment, etc.
Third, the application ideas <br> mix mix effects inevitably used in various types of effects, including a conventional type of frequency effect, and the effect of the dynamic type time type effects, etc. .
Frequency type effects mainly include equalizers and filters, which are very popular in popular music mixes. The "subtraction principle" is a relatively common use of equalizers in the industry, with the aim of reducing unnecessary sounds. The frequency of the instruments allows the instruments to avoid each other and leave the frequency space to the required instrument. The principle of subtraction is roughly divided into two steps. The first is to attenuate the excess frequency, and then to increase the frequency that needs to be emphasized.
It should be noted here that the adjustment of the equalizer cannot be separated from the sound image and cannot be separated from the range played by the current instrument, so the equalizer needs to consider various factors.
For example, in this work (the song at the time, I don’t know if it does not affect reading), there are bottom drums, basses, snare drums, and human voices in the middle. Their balances have avoided each other and emphasized their importance. The part, in which the vocal low cuts the frequency below 100 Hz. This frequency is not important for vocals, but the base frequency of the kick drum and bass are in this range, and the kick drum and bass are also about 200 Hz. The frequency has been attenuated. Here is the fundamental frequency of the human voice. The snare drum also cuts the part below 150Hz. It also leaves this part to the kick drum and the bass. Of course, there is another reason why the snare drum is in the string. The obvious bottom drum can also effectively reduce the crosstalk; at the same time, the bottom drum also emphasizes 60Hz and 6kHz, the bass emphasizes 80Hz and 1kHz, and the high cut is more than 5kHz, which is used to give vocals and other high-frequency instruments. The vocals also emphasize 9 kHz and 12 kHz. It can be seen that each other avoids their respective fundamental frequencies and emphasizes different frequencies. This is the general use principle of the equalizer.
Dynamic types of processors include compressors, limiters, expanders, and noise gates.
Early dynamic processors focused on the adjustment of signal dynamics. Today, dynamic processors are mostly used to adjust the sound, and its application probability is not less than the equalizer, then among them, the compression and limiter In addition to the usual dynamics used to adjust the instrument, it is more important to adjust the tightness or impact of the instrument itself. Most of the time we add the compressor to the percussion instrument is not to reduce their excessive level. Small, but through the cooperation of ATTACK and RELEASE and GAIN to change the impact and tightness of the instrument itself.
The expander and noise gate are used to change the length and duration of the sound. In addition to the extender that can remove the crosstalk of the drum kit microphone, in some fast-paced songs, we will use the extender or the door to remove the long tail of the instrument. It can also weaken the direct excess of notes and notes, and enhance the rhythm and clarity of the instrument itself. Therefore, some usages of dynamic processors in today have an inseparable relationship with the music itself.
In this work, a hardware compressor is used to change the dynamics of KICK, SNARE, BASS, and VOCAL tracks; software compression controls the dynamics of TOM, AGTR, PIANO, and STRING; and the expander changes SNARE, HIHAT, and BASS. Rhythmic relationship.
Time type effects include a reverb and a delay.
The main role of reverb in popular music mixing is usually to make sounds more than space. Because many popular music styles can't be heard, there is obvious reverberation, and the space in pop music. It depends on LEVEL, EQ, COMPRESS, REVERB, and DELAY.
There are three commonly used reverb types for pop music, namely HALL, ROOM, and PLATE. Simply put, it is very important that the sound will change with these types of reverberations.
First of all, HALL, Chinese translation called the hall or hall, this reverberation plus will form a clear space behind the dry sound, but HALL does not let the dry sound go to the back, that is to say when your direct purpose is to let If a certain instrument goes to the back, adding HALL is definitely not a wise choice.
ROOM, room reverberation, plus this reverberation will have a clear sense of space, can really feel this space, this type of reverb will emphasize the existence of recent reflections and reverberation, when this mix When the sound is very serious, the clarity of the direct and near-reflex sounds will naturally drop, so the type of instrument added with ROOM will lean back.
PLATE plate reverb. It is the most commonly used type of pop music. It is characterized by the reverberation sound is very gorgeous, the high frequency attenuation is slow, the space is very clear and there is no huge space. The sound source plus this type of reverb will make it The original sound became very transparent. Of course, after adding too much, because of the high frequency content of its reverberation sound, the space will be unclear and it will be very harsh, so that the sound cannot be integrated with other instruments.
Once you understand these three types of reverb, you can choose the right reverb type for your instrument.
The use of reverberators usually needs to be calculated. Of course, music is definitely not calculated. If such a computer can do all the work that the mixer needs to do, but the good reverb must be passed through science. Reasonable explanation, as a professional mix, it is very important to master the necessary calculation method. We can use the calculated result as the psychological quantity, and then rely on our hearing to make the final adjustment.
The calculation method of the reverberator: for example, a 4/4 beat, a song with a speed of 100, then use 60 (time constant) / 100 = 0.6S, multiply this value by 2 or multiply by 3 to get 2 or 3 shots of REVERB. TIME, divided by 16 or divided by 8 can get the value of PRE DELAY, the specific choice depends on the hearing.
For example, the speed of the work is 86, then 60/86 ≈ 0.697s; then the second shot is 1.39s, the third shot is 2.09s; usually there will be 4 reverbs, one for each beat ROOM reverb The PLATE and HALL used to give the drum, two beats, each gave the vocals and some nearby instruments, and a three-shot HALL gave the strings.
Remember that you don't use reverb in the mix as much as possible. Excessive reverb will only make the details of the sound unclear, and many effects can be used unless necessary.
Fourth, the overall design of the mixing works <br> The spatial design of the mixing works refers to the mixing works in the stereo environment, the spatial design of the left and right and the context, the spatial design and the style of the music works itself have a direct relationship, although Pop music doesn't have a fixed listening habit like traditional music, but there are some conventional methods of placement. In terms of the left and right relationship that can be adjusted, the vocals, kick drums, bass and snare drums are in the middle of the regular style; the hi-hats and the gongs and drums in the drums must not be placed on the same side. Usually, we can arrange the drum set direction according to the space information picked up by the microphone above the drum; the bottom guitar can usually be the far left and right, if there is a distorted guitar bottom, according to the passage of the music, follow the guitar. The order is getting wider and wider until the chorus reaches its maximum.
Strings can be placed in a traditional way, but you must take into account the format of the recording, you must not completely ignore the previous recording method, and freely adjust the instrument with spatial information. When these large frames are fixed, you can insert some scattered instruments. The principle is not to put the instruments with very broken rhythm or the instruments with close melody lines on the same side, and to symmetry as much as possible. To achieve the balance of the plane sound field.
For the design in the depth direction, the mix will probably be divided into three layers, the first layer is at the forefront, usually the lead singer; the second layer is the main accompaniment instrument, including the rhythm instrument and the harmony musical instrument, the farthest layer is the bottom Class or stringed instrument. SOLO instruments and all caulking instruments can be on any level you need.
This work is the space designed according to the above method.
In addition to the spatial design, the mix usually has a whole design on the paragraph. It can apply some frequency changes, spatial changes or special effects changes, so that there are obvious differences between the paragraphs, increasing the audibility of the music, however, Remember that the work itself is a very quiet work, too much mixing techniques will destroy the original atmosphere, so there is no need to take some fancy methods, so not all works are suitable for some superfluous creations.
The above is a summary of some of my thoughts on the creative thinking of pop music mix, I hope to give you a clearer way of thinking about the process and purpose of mixing, good work habits and scientific mixing methods, will definitely The mixing process has a multiplier effect. The technology and means of mixing are constantly updated. Our requirements for the quality of the work are also constantly improving. The mixing technology will also be further improved with the development of the entire industry.
In this paper, according to the steps of the usual mixing, the creative ideas of each step in the mixing process are expounded. The main contents include: preparation before mixing, steps of mixing, application ideas of mixers in mixing, mixing The overall design of the work, etc.
First, the preparation before mixing <br> Good mixing works can not be separated from excellent preparatory work, mainly including mixing environment, equipment, materials, paragraph marks and so on.
First of all, the environment requirements of mixing mainly refer to the listening environment. A good listening environment is essential for mixing. My mixing environment is usually in my own recording studio (Allanwang Studio). It was rebuilt on the basis of the original house. Because it is the bottom business, the room height is 4.3M and the area is close to 150M2. After the acoustic construction is completed, the net space of the main control room is only about 20 M2 (excluding another control room and recording studio). There is also a rest room). Because of the street front, the sound insulation adopts the structure of “room in the roomâ€. The control room and the recording studio adopt a suspension structure. The interior adopts a strong sound absorption structure, and some positions are arranged with a reflection structure. The reverberation time is finally The control is around 0.2S.
After the recording studio is built, the frequency response is obviously falling below 60Hz. This has a certain relationship with the sound and monitoring devices. Fortunately, the frequency response above 100Hz is still very flat, so it is necessary to pay attention to the things mixed in this shed. Low frequency, if the mixed low frequency is very full, there may be more out. In order to solve this problem, it is usually necessary to use headphones in the monitoring device to improve the understanding of the low frequency. The most important thing is that I have adapted to the hearing here, which is very important for the sound engineer.
Secondly, for the equipment used: the main system is Pro Tools HD3, the audio interface is the Alpha link of SSL, in addition to the SSL xrack analog mixer for SUMMING. Peripherals also include the TC REVERB 4000 reverb and WAVES MAXBCL.
The monitor speakers are a very important part of the mix. The main monitor speakers are Genelec 1031A and the monitor headphones are Sennheiser HD600. These two are the monitors I am used to. Monitor speakers are difficult to measure by standard. No one monitor is absolutely accurate. Mixers can only find their relative relationship through different monitors. As long as they are familiar with their monitors and adapt to it, they can make relatively accurate. works.
For the preparation of materials, mainly including pitch, rhythm, breathing and contacts.
Vocals and all recorded instruments with melody will involve the problem of pitch. The pitch of the instrument part is usually solved in the previous recording. The later focus is on correcting the pitch of the lead vocal and chorus.
The rhythm part mainly involves the recorded instruments. If you have recorded a real drum, you must make a very detailed adjustment. Of course, this work should be done before recording other instruments, otherwise it will affect the instruments recorded next.
Breathing mainly refers to vocals and guitars. When recording vocals, the phenomenon of cutting points is often cut off. Before the mixing, the correction needs to be done naturally, including the size, position, and depth of breathing. and many more.
The contact point is the point cut by the sound engineer every time the recording button is pressed. Before the mixing, all the contacts must be inspected to ensure that there can be no defects. Many places need to be solved by fading or cross-fading. Sonic boom.
If there are problems at the above points, it is impossible to start the following work.
The next thing to do is to divide the passages for the music and further understand which instruments are in each paragraph and their basic functions in the orchestration. Learn about the most basic musical styles of music, such as the first songs based on piano strings, or the guitar bass drums, etc., all of which need to be clear before mixing.
Second, the steps of mixing <br> When the preparation of the mix is ​​done, you can start to enter the process of mixing. The step of mixing is actually a work habit. Some people like to start mixing from the kick drum. Some people like to go from the shell. The division began to mix, but no matter which instrument you start from, you must have enough ability to control it, otherwise it will have several drawbacks.
For example, people who like to mix from the instrument often appear when they finally join the human voice track. The vocals can't be integrated into the band. The space is already occupied by other instruments. Listening to the band is very good, but it will be incompatible with singing. . The songs are not divided into the main and secondary, and the purpose of the band is not able to achieve the vocal.
The beginning of the mix is ​​also very important. Some people like to start mixing from the first note they enter, and mix it into the chorus to find that the main output is overloaded. Therefore, there is a good mixing habit for the smooth mixing process. Very important.
The current relatively scientific mixing method is:
1. Mixing from the human voice track 2. Mixing from the richest passage of music 3. Mixing the melody instrument from the rhythm instrument 4. Mixing the instrument with high frequency from the instrument with low frequency
Principle: Based on the vocal, gradually add instruments to the vocals. Every addition should be considered at the same time: scale, tone, dynamic, space.
The reason for starting to mix up from the human voice track is that the focus of the song is to express words and songs rather than arrange songs. Therefore, the most important thing is the lead singer. The orchestrator is just to sing the lead singer. Any singer will not like what the singer can't hear after the completion of the work. This is one of the most important indicators for measuring the remixed works in the Mainland. The singer must I heard that my voice was perfect, so at the beginning of the mix, we should try to adjust the lead singer to be especially good, and adjust to the ideal state of this vocal.
The reason why the most abundant passages of music are mixed up is to solve the phenomenon that the level of the chorus can not be controlled. The most abundant passage of music is usually in the chorus section of music. At this time, the orchestration is basically fuller than other passages. If you start to mix up here, imagine that when all the instruments are released, the level is still within the control range, and the other paragraphs of the music are even less likely to be above this level.
For example, the most abundant passage of a piece of work is the chorus in the second paragraph. If I enter the drum from the second paragraph, I choose to start mixing from B2, and there is a problem of reserved level. Practice has proved that ordinary people can feel the change of 1dB. Sometimes the emotion of music needs to be progressive. The good mix works will change with the progress of the paragraph, and the level will change appropriately to arouse the deeper. Emotional changes, so it is very important to choose which paragraph to start to mix. It is important to note that there are several paragraphs in the same paragraph. There should be 1-2 decibels between each paragraph, at the output level. Be prepared to make a reserve level for each paragraph.
Mixing rhythm instruments from melody instruments, we usually compare percussion to the skeleton of a song, and the melodic instrument to the flesh of a song. Human beings are better at grasping the changes in the rhythm. The mix must have a reference object. Therefore, the percussion starts with the vocals. In addition, the level transients of the percussion instruments are relatively large, which is more suitable for our more reasonable control. Overall level.
From a low-frequency instrument to a high-frequency instrument, in any group of instruments, the low frequency is the basis of the frequency. The lower the frequency, the more energy, the greater the influence on the level. From the perspective of the masking effect, if it is mixed first For high-frequency instruments, when the low-frequency instruments are added, some frequencies will be masked off, so the relative relationship between the instruments has to be re-adjusted. If you start mixing from low-frequency instruments at the beginning, it is not easy to appear.
Usually the order of mixing a song is: vocals, percussion, bass, piano, guitar, string, accompaniment, etc.
Third, the application ideas <br> mix mix effects inevitably used in various types of effects, including a conventional type of frequency effect, and the effect of the dynamic type time type effects, etc. .
Frequency type effects mainly include equalizers and filters, which are very popular in popular music mixes. The "subtraction principle" is a relatively common use of equalizers in the industry, with the aim of reducing unnecessary sounds. The frequency of the instruments allows the instruments to avoid each other and leave the frequency space to the required instrument. The principle of subtraction is roughly divided into two steps. The first is to attenuate the excess frequency, and then to increase the frequency that needs to be emphasized.
It should be noted here that the adjustment of the equalizer cannot be separated from the sound image and cannot be separated from the range played by the current instrument, so the equalizer needs to consider various factors.
For example, in this work (the song at the time, I don’t know if it does not affect reading), there are bottom drums, basses, snare drums, and human voices in the middle. Their balances have avoided each other and emphasized their importance. The part, in which the vocal low cuts the frequency below 100 Hz. This frequency is not important for vocals, but the base frequency of the kick drum and bass are in this range, and the kick drum and bass are also about 200 Hz. The frequency has been attenuated. Here is the fundamental frequency of the human voice. The snare drum also cuts the part below 150Hz. It also leaves this part to the kick drum and the bass. Of course, there is another reason why the snare drum is in the string. The obvious bottom drum can also effectively reduce the crosstalk; at the same time, the bottom drum also emphasizes 60Hz and 6kHz, the bass emphasizes 80Hz and 1kHz, and the high cut is more than 5kHz, which is used to give vocals and other high-frequency instruments. The vocals also emphasize 9 kHz and 12 kHz. It can be seen that each other avoids their respective fundamental frequencies and emphasizes different frequencies. This is the general use principle of the equalizer.
Dynamic types of processors include compressors, limiters, expanders, and noise gates.
Early dynamic processors focused on the adjustment of signal dynamics. Today, dynamic processors are mostly used to adjust the sound, and its application probability is not less than the equalizer, then among them, the compression and limiter In addition to the usual dynamics used to adjust the instrument, it is more important to adjust the tightness or impact of the instrument itself. Most of the time we add the compressor to the percussion instrument is not to reduce their excessive level. Small, but through the cooperation of ATTACK and RELEASE and GAIN to change the impact and tightness of the instrument itself.
The expander and noise gate are used to change the length and duration of the sound. In addition to the extender that can remove the crosstalk of the drum kit microphone, in some fast-paced songs, we will use the extender or the door to remove the long tail of the instrument. It can also weaken the direct excess of notes and notes, and enhance the rhythm and clarity of the instrument itself. Therefore, some usages of dynamic processors in today have an inseparable relationship with the music itself.
In this work, a hardware compressor is used to change the dynamics of KICK, SNARE, BASS, and VOCAL tracks; software compression controls the dynamics of TOM, AGTR, PIANO, and STRING; and the expander changes SNARE, HIHAT, and BASS. Rhythmic relationship.
Time type effects include a reverb and a delay.
The main role of reverb in popular music mixing is usually to make sounds more than space. Because many popular music styles can't be heard, there is obvious reverberation, and the space in pop music. It depends on LEVEL, EQ, COMPRESS, REVERB, and DELAY.
There are three commonly used reverb types for pop music, namely HALL, ROOM, and PLATE. Simply put, it is very important that the sound will change with these types of reverberations.
First of all, HALL, Chinese translation called the hall or hall, this reverberation plus will form a clear space behind the dry sound, but HALL does not let the dry sound go to the back, that is to say when your direct purpose is to let If a certain instrument goes to the back, adding HALL is definitely not a wise choice.
ROOM, room reverberation, plus this reverberation will have a clear sense of space, can really feel this space, this type of reverb will emphasize the existence of recent reflections and reverberation, when this mix When the sound is very serious, the clarity of the direct and near-reflex sounds will naturally drop, so the type of instrument added with ROOM will lean back.
PLATE plate reverb. It is the most commonly used type of pop music. It is characterized by the reverberation sound is very gorgeous, the high frequency attenuation is slow, the space is very clear and there is no huge space. The sound source plus this type of reverb will make it The original sound became very transparent. Of course, after adding too much, because of the high frequency content of its reverberation sound, the space will be unclear and it will be very harsh, so that the sound cannot be integrated with other instruments.
Once you understand these three types of reverb, you can choose the right reverb type for your instrument.
The use of reverberators usually needs to be calculated. Of course, music is definitely not calculated. If such a computer can do all the work that the mixer needs to do, but the good reverb must be passed through science. Reasonable explanation, as a professional mix, it is very important to master the necessary calculation method. We can use the calculated result as the psychological quantity, and then rely on our hearing to make the final adjustment.
The calculation method of the reverberator: for example, a 4/4 beat, a song with a speed of 100, then use 60 (time constant) / 100 = 0.6S, multiply this value by 2 or multiply by 3 to get 2 or 3 shots of REVERB. TIME, divided by 16 or divided by 8 can get the value of PRE DELAY, the specific choice depends on the hearing.
For example, the speed of the work is 86, then 60/86 ≈ 0.697s; then the second shot is 1.39s, the third shot is 2.09s; usually there will be 4 reverbs, one for each beat ROOM reverb The PLATE and HALL used to give the drum, two beats, each gave the vocals and some nearby instruments, and a three-shot HALL gave the strings.
Remember that you don't use reverb in the mix as much as possible. Excessive reverb will only make the details of the sound unclear, and many effects can be used unless necessary.
Fourth, the overall design of the mixing works <br> The spatial design of the mixing works refers to the mixing works in the stereo environment, the spatial design of the left and right and the context, the spatial design and the style of the music works itself have a direct relationship, although Pop music doesn't have a fixed listening habit like traditional music, but there are some conventional methods of placement. In terms of the left and right relationship that can be adjusted, the vocals, kick drums, bass and snare drums are in the middle of the regular style; the hi-hats and the gongs and drums in the drums must not be placed on the same side. Usually, we can arrange the drum set direction according to the space information picked up by the microphone above the drum; the bottom guitar can usually be the far left and right, if there is a distorted guitar bottom, according to the passage of the music, follow the guitar. The order is getting wider and wider until the chorus reaches its maximum.
Strings can be placed in a traditional way, but you must take into account the format of the recording, you must not completely ignore the previous recording method, and freely adjust the instrument with spatial information. When these large frames are fixed, you can insert some scattered instruments. The principle is not to put the instruments with very broken rhythm or the instruments with close melody lines on the same side, and to symmetry as much as possible. To achieve the balance of the plane sound field.
For the design in the depth direction, the mix will probably be divided into three layers, the first layer is at the forefront, usually the lead singer; the second layer is the main accompaniment instrument, including the rhythm instrument and the harmony musical instrument, the farthest layer is the bottom Class or stringed instrument. SOLO instruments and all caulking instruments can be on any level you need.
This work is the space designed according to the above method.
In addition to the spatial design, the mix usually has a whole design on the paragraph. It can apply some frequency changes, spatial changes or special effects changes, so that there are obvious differences between the paragraphs, increasing the audibility of the music, however, Remember that the work itself is a very quiet work, too much mixing techniques will destroy the original atmosphere, so there is no need to take some fancy methods, so not all works are suitable for some superfluous creations.
The above is a summary of some of my thoughts on the creative thinking of pop music mix, I hope to give you a clearer way of thinking about the process and purpose of mixing, good work habits and scientific mixing methods, will definitely The mixing process has a multiplier effect. The technology and means of mixing are constantly updated. Our requirements for the quality of the work are also constantly improving. The mixing technology will also be further improved with the development of the entire industry.
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