The development of AV technology from the change of audio-visual entertainment

We are in such an era of change and rapid development. There are too many things to accept and master, and even no time to think: What will happen tomorrow?

The sound and optoelectronic technology of modern technology "reproduces" the world visually and audibly, and more and more realistic images and sounds have greatly enriched our senses. Facing the enjoyment of the constantly updated high-tech, under the impact of a large amount of information, people who already have the "fatigue of aesthetics" look back and look at the "sensory hunger only a few decades ago." The situation when thirsty is perhaps intriguing.

In the history of art development, it is said that there is a kind of "video entertainment" art form that has a great impact on people's lives. It must be a shadow play. As the name implies, the shadow is made of leather, and for the sake of firmness and transparency, it is better to use cowhide and suede. Five kinds of solid transparent pigments such as red, yellow, cyan, green and black are mainly used for coloring. Due to these special materials, the shadow figures and props are illuminated in the back, and the shadow projected onto the curtain is magnificent and crystal clear, with a unique aesthetic. This is the "shadow"; its "sound" is the "literary and martial arts team" who has several positions, and the drums are ringing, and they sing and sing. The voice is of course very "fidelity", because it is a real person who sings and does not pass any electroacoustic amplification equipment.

For the audience, what they see is just a screen that changes with the story. It is the sound effect that is synchronized with the picture. It can fully exert the effects of various special effects, and can fully mobilize the imagination of the audience. This is the charm of the shadow play, which is quite like our projection TV today!

Shadow art is a wonderful work in Chinese folk culture. As the world's earliest form of cinematic entertainment, it subtly combines folk sculpture and painting techniques, while also absorbing the essence of traditional opera, performance and literature and art.

Our industrious and wise old ancestors were really blessed. They had already enjoyed such a high level of audio-visual entertainment as early as the Western Han Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, the development of the shadow play was quite prosperous. According to relevant information: At the time the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, which is now Kaifeng, Henan, there are many small theaters in the streets.

The sound and shadow performances used in the shadow play, as well as the means of performing arts, have also played an important role in the invention of modern films and the development of modern film art films.

(movie "live" stills)

Another form of audio-visual entertainment that is still in use today is the slide projector.

In 1654, the German Jewish Kirchal first described the invention of the slide projector. The shell of the original slide projector was hammered into a square box with a metal sheet. The top has a venting cylinder similar to a chimney to discharge the hot air and black smoke generated by the burning of the candle; a cylinder is mounted in front of the cylinder, and a slidable cylinder is used in the cylinder. The convex lens forms a simple lens and can adjust the focal length; the light source is installed in the box, and the initial light source is candle light. When using, put the slide projector in a black room, insert the slide into the slot behind the convex lens, ignite the candle, illuminate the transparent picture through the mirror, and then pass the lens to make the real image on the wall.

The earliest slides were made of glass and painted by hand. In the mid-19th century, after the invention of the celluloid film, the slides were produced using a photographic transfer process.

The industrial production of the slide projector began in 1845, and the light source was changed from the original candle to the oil lamp and the vapor lamp, and finally the electric light source was used. In order to improve the quality and brightness of the picture, a concave mirror is also mounted behind the light source, and a plano-convex lens for collecting light is mounted between the light source and the picture. The high-power light source increases the temperature of the chassis for heat dissipation, and an exhaust heat dissipation structure is added to the slide projector. In order to facilitate the operation and standardization of the operation, the film has also been changed to automatic.

The slide projector that we use today is based on the development of the 19th century slide projector.

The slide projector can also auto focus and can be remotely controlled. When you travel a lot, you can take a lot of film and you can wash it into a slide. There is a film called “Reverse Film” which is specially used for slide show purposes.

The slide projector is not only a form of entertainment, but also widely used in teaching, research, conferences and stage performances.

Compared with the shadow play, the slide projector seems to be somewhat silent, but usually the voice of the "narration" is still indispensable, and even the model that uses the recording technology and the picture and sound are synchronized.

The effect of the shadow play depends on the level of the artist. So, the slide projector is a machine, but it is still not good to serve. Sometimes it is a very important report, but the automatic film is often a problem. Or go back and forth, there is always a picture that should appear, the operator sweats, the audience is angry. Moreover, from time to time, one or two pictures with head-down "take the big top" appear, which has an unexpected effect on the atmosphere of the active venue.

In the famous large-scale opera and dance epic "Dongfanghong", the great backgrounds of the Great Wall, the Yangtze River and the Yellow River are all made by the slides. These effects are not rare now. It was exhausted by the staff more than 40 years ago. thought. Because the stage of the Great Hall of the People is tall and wide, the backdrop is particularly large, and a slide projector is so light that it is too weak to even see the shadow. The staff placed more than a dozen slide projectors in front of the stage, and then divided the areas on the screen. Each slide projector was stitched into a whole area according to an area.

More creatively, this stage background has the effect of a red flag fluttering and the yellow water ripples from the sky! Can the slide show a moving image like a movie? It turns out that this is a bamboo similar to the front of the light. The things of the curtains are constantly moving, and the light is transmitted through the gaps of the bamboo curtains, which forms the effect of the red flag fluttering and the ripples of water. The clever crew members have taken the application of the slide projector to the extreme.

When it comes to home theater, people often know that it has two meanings, namely "vision" and "listening". The abbreviation of English is AV. This "A" is "Audio", the meaning of audio, and the meaning of "V" is "Video". The meaning of the video.

In the history of modern civilization, these two things were originally separate, but they were all related to a great inventor, Edison, who had more than a thousand invention patents in his brilliant life, the most influential to human life. In addition to electric lights, there are phonographs (1888) and movie machines (Edison's 1895 "movie film projector" patent, in the same period as the filmmakers invented in the film history, the French Lumiere brothers).

Movie machines can be considered as a continuation of slide projectors because their basic structure is the same and they have the same optical path. The difference is that the picture is constantly changing in order to form a moving image in the viewer's brain using the principle of "visual persistence".

The earliest film was a silent film, and later the narration of the projectionist, even with sound. Later, the method of synchronizing the recording of sound information on the film was invented, and the sound was truly integrated into the film.

From the point of view of audio technology, since the birth of the drum-type phonograph, people have heard the sound recorded on the medium for the first time, and they are very shocked and have aroused great interest. Sound recording and playback technology and later radio broadcasting technology have produced countless audio enthusiasts in the past 100 years, making radios, amplifiers, various speakers and various fun circuits. They have greatly improved the sound technology. Promote.

The invention of the TV set allows the radio broadcast to simply play the sound signal and add images. It can transmit news reports and live pictures of sports games from far away places. Video is integrated into Audio, making the broadcast media even more powerful.

Some of the audio enthusiasts later were not satisfied with the "Audio", they were going to attack "Video" and tried to assemble the TV with the oscilloscope, but not many successful people. I remember that in the early 1970s, a worker in my father’s unit had a very large skill and installed such a “television set.” I heard the news and went to visit. I saw that I had tossed for a long time, and he was sweating. I muttered to myself: Last night, there was a shadow... However, his machine still made great achievements. It is said that there was a TV station broadcasting "Flower Girl". Tens of men, women and children were stuffed with the door of his dormitory. They were moved by the artistic effect of the TV sound, and the whole corridor was crying. .

At that time, if I heard that someone was showing a movie in their own home, I don’t have to ask, it’s definitely not a capitalist, not a “leader cadre.” He must be the master of the projection team. These good things can only be dreams for other people. It is very pleasant to be able to take a small bench on the weekend night to watch the open-air movies, and there is no serious obstruction in front.

Most of the enthusiasts continue to travel in the audio field, from 3DDXX to 2SKXX to assemble the amplifier themselves, from "Fei Le", "Taixing" to "Western Shi", "Aodi Shi" designed speakers, with the sound "fever" The craze surged from the southeastern coast into the mainland. The “Welders” are getting more and more powerful, because the emergence of high-quality sound sources such as FM, LP and CD provides a huge space for audio upgrades. The silver of the "purchasing faction" among the enthusiasts has also been thrown away. This is the Hong Kong businessmen who have aggressively attacked the market. Their advertisements are as beautiful as the foreign brands they have. In any case, the audio boom has made people hear the sounds that have never been heard before from tube radios or small "semiconductors" and have never been enjoyed. Once upon a time, audio enthusiasts were called the title of “fans”.

The development of "Video" is another way, a road of professional production. Due to the focus of national investment, the production and import of TV sets began to heat up rapidly in the late 1970s. “DIY” TV sets are not as good as purchases in all aspects, and debugging equipment needs a lot, so in a short time The idea of ​​"welding machine" homemade TV set was completely eliminated.

Since the TV sound system adopts the FM system, the transmission quality is guaranteed. The early TV sets pay more attention to the playback effect of the TV sound, and even have a built-in small speaker with a two-way frequency. It is puzzling that as the screen of the TV becomes bigger and bigger, the sound quality is getting worse and worse. Some people even suggest that the TV set does not have a "chicken rib" for the speaker; others say that this is the "congenital deficiency" of the TV. Do not believe that you look at the English word for television - television, where the vision is the meaning of "visual" and "view", its Chinese name is the same, and has nothing to do with the sound.

Therefore, the "A" and "V" that have already been close to each other have become alienated.

What really reunifies "Audio" and "Video" is "home theater."

The concept of home theater began in the United States in the mid-to-late 1980s because of the availability of LD players and the availability of high-quality Audio and Video sources. The LD system was quickly supported by major US film companies and was suppressed by film. A large number of LD program CDs are available. At the end of 1987, Dolby Laboratories of the United States introduced a Dolby Pro Logic Surround System for home use. The separation effect of each channel was similar to that of a professional cinema, which caused a lot of sensation in the industry.

When the Lucas film production company in the United States extended its famous THX film surround sound sound system to the home theater, it made strict and detailed regulations on audio equipment and technical requirements, and even harshed the acoustic environment of the audio-visual room. "Regulations." As a result, the home theater's audio indicators have reached a high level, which is beyond the reach of general Hi-Fi products, and includes an easy to overlook important factor in the listening environment. So in the eyes of Americans, home theater is a luxury item at the same level as a yacht or villa.

VCD is a simplified version of LD that was later produced in China. The VCD is directly connected to the TV through an AV terminal or an RF (Radio Frequency Signal) cable. In many cases, even mono signals can be reproduced. In this case, they cannot be called "home theater" anyway, because It's not even as good as a video tape recorder (CTR) with a TV. But together with higher-level power amplifiers, speakers, and televisions, they form the prototype of a "home theater" - although not through (and certainly not) THX "certification", but in any case, in their own home Watching a movie in a vivid way, although the image is not clear enough, the sound is still too good. When watching the "big movie", the sound of the gun inside is not the same.

And until now, when it comes to home theater, what is usually happening in people's minds is the multi-channel amplifier and several speakers including the subwoofer, plus a DVD. Audio once became very beautiful. As for the "Video" TV, it seems a bit "dashing", because it is very ready-made, almost every family has it, even if it is the old TV of the spherical screen, connect the video cable Can be used, not worth mentioning. As for the environment, few people talk about it. In many cases, when the problem is a whole lot, I will come back and think about it: When I renovated it, I didn’t consider the most basic problems such as sound absorption and embedded line. What?

It is worth mentioning that the slide projector has come to this day, and the real "terminator" has emerged, that is, the projector + computer. The emergence and rapid spread of laptops, coupled with strong Internet support, allowed people to give up traditional slide projectors without hesitation.

Also because of the popularity of computer technology, audio-visual entertainment has also added new content. If computer multimedia is deeply loved by young people and meets general audio-visual requirements, then the home theater computer (HTPC) that has appeared in the past two years is available. A more high-end option, its vitality and "threat" to existing AV source devices, may appear in the next few years.

This is an important example of the technological revolution that changes people's way of life.

In the home theater equipment, the role of the TV is very simple and clear, it is a "display."

Cathode ray tube (CRT) has a long history. It has been used as a color display on televisions for more than 50 years. Until the 1990s, it has been the world.

In today's home theater, its video equipment is no longer limited to the use of CRT's "right-angle screen" or "pure flat" TV sets. After four or fifty years of long-term gestation, the flat panel display device (FPD) has experienced a major technological breakthrough in recent years. This breakthrough has been quickly applied to the product, and the various flat panel displays have been updated quickly, which is quite jaw-dropping. . Emerging display technologies based on LCD (liquid crystal display), PDP (plasma display), DLP (digital optical processor), and LCoS (silicon-based liquid crystal) show the development direction of TV technology, including LCD, PDP and DLP has also become the mainstream configuration for home theater. Projection TVs based on LCD and DLP technology are available in a variety of styles, from front to back and from rear to side, from single to three. Major manufacturers at home and abroad are competing to launch new models, which is really "eight immortals crossing the sea, each showing magic."

Like the movie machine, the front projection TV can be regarded as a slide projector for picture activities. The front projection TV used for conference or teaching, publicity and the like is also called "projector". The rear projection TV is the same as the shadow play, which can be understood as "automatic shadow machine", but it is not necessary for the shadow artist to toss behind it, and the remote control can be used to call the troupe. But if you sing well, you have to look at the Audio that is configured for it.

The emergence of new displays has brought us a new look, especially the orthographic projection, which seems to have a cinema-like feel.

It can be said that at present we are in the new era of Video product variety "big outbreak", the household appliance market has provided us with too many choices at once, and even many "industry people" will feel overwhelmed. The knowledge is updated too fast, and some of the well-known terminology (such as "progressive scan", "magnetization", etc.) that has been used for decades will soon be abandoned!

In addition to their excellent performance, these novel products are also very different in terms of use and configuration compared with the past color TV sets. Whether you can see good images is not a few thousand dollars. Putting "big color TV home" can solve it.

In the face of such a dazzling array of products, in the face of all kinds of tempting technical indicators, it is necessary to have a more reasonable configuration plan from the beginning, taking into account the size of the room, shape, lighting and lighting conditions, as well as the individual consumer Factors such as preferences, main content to watch, consumption levels, etc., many new concepts and new knowledge involved, if these factors are not fully taken into consideration, it is not easy to achieve the desired effect, resulting in de facto “downgrade use”. And "source waste."

Audio and Video are essential for audio and video entertainment.

The huge advancement of Video is bound to put forward higher requirements for Audio. As far as the current audio products are concerned, the author believes that there are two big problems that hinder its development and even the market shrinking phenomenon.

The first is the issue of technical indicators.

So far, audio technology has not even solved the basic problem of frequency response very well. When it comes to this, many friends will not take it for granted. They will think that this is not a problem at all, and it has already been solved. Look at the product promotion of the merchant, from 20Hz to 20kHz. Isn't it all included? In other words, it is less than twenty "Hertz", compared to the nearly 20,000 "Hertz", what effect can it have!

It should be pointed out that as a home theater technology, the "soul" of its audio is reflected in the subwoofer part, which is from 20Hz to 40Hz. Although it only covers 20 Hz range in digital terms, they are hearing. Psychologically covered a whole "octave", which is often referred to as an "octave", it is these 20 "Hertz", but it has become the biggest difficulty since the birth of the speaker.

Some speakers are as big as a refrigerator. It is not uncommon for a speaker unit with a diameter of more than 15 inches. The power of a home audio amplifier is also a few hundred watts. What is it for? There is a reason to get a subwoofer! Even so It is still difficult to extend down to 20Hz, which means "the depth of dive is not enough". In a sense, the subwoofer is both difficult and equally "luxury".

To this end, a "0.1 channel" was set up in the home theater, dedicated to playing the subwoofer, and the corresponding product is the active subwoofer.

In the audio field, the "enable" of the subwoofer is a big step forward, because its proper use, the atmosphere, and the shock of the senses are very strong. It is not conceivable that in a high-end modern cinema, there is no such thing in a blockbuster.

In order to obtain valuable subwoofers, engineers have thought of many ways, such as the use of electronic crossover, sound resonance and ultra-high power, expensive ultra-long stroke speaker units on the subwoofer, in order to get a little more "Bass Dive".

Even if this is done, the subwoofer is difficult to "dive" in most audio products due to low design level or cost constraints, so what we actually see is that many subwoofer products do not even dive. At 40Hz, the meaning of the subwoofer is lost. Only the frequency of the subwoofer (40Hz~80Hz) and above can be emitted, and the distortion is very serious. It is not as good as a "regular design" floor-standing speaker. The use of such a cannon to add sound reproduction, called 瞎 哄, can only add chaos.

Unqualified subwoofer products coupled with irresponsible (and even fake behavior) advertising have made consumers feel bad about Audio in home theaters, especially for subwoofers.

The second is the listening environment.

This is an old problem that has plagued the audio industry for decades, but it has not received enough attention. It has become particularly prominent in home theaters because the sound pressure required by home theaters is relatively high, and the bass dive is deep. . High sound pressure caused an overall increase in the intensity of various "extra" sounds, including reflections, which exposed the existing environmental defects of insufficient sound absorption. The reverberation and standing waves that were not so obvious became very serious. Watching movies or listening to music in this way of listening is not so much a "enjoyment" as it is a "sin."

Many of the friends I contacted, including those who have "fever", from the perspective of their listening environment, this problem is very serious and often not paid attention to because there is no correct understanding. They are often more willing to discuss the upgrade of equipment, in fact, it can not solve the fundamental problem.

Listening to the environment Another constraint on home theater is the "sound insulation" problem, fear of harassing neighbors, the sound is usually very small, even using headphones.

This situation often leads consumers to reflect: What is the use of these Rush sounds?

So it seems that Video seems to have "smashed" the meaning of Audio?

The above analysis is just the author's opinion. In fact, there are many factors that affect the market and consumer behavior, such as the overall change in the purchasing power of consumers, the diversification of consumption and so on. As a manufacturer, you should conscientiously do your own products, and there are less impetuous and more honest in marketing.

Fortunately, with the advancement of technology, some subwoofer products that can reach the subwoofer replay index have entered the market. Although the price is relatively expensive, many enthusiasts have already excitedly described them as “heard the real super. bass".

On the other hand, the "new concept of home audio and video entertainment" is gradually accepted by people. This concept advocates the consideration of the audio-visual environment and audio-visual equipment as a whole, that is, the audio-visual entertainment, the "trinity of Audio, Video and the environment." "Indispensable, to achieve a comprehensive balance, in order to achieve better results, of which Audio and the environment's "relationship" is particularly close, the environment is handled well, Audio can not only eliminate people's misunderstanding, but its status will be greater Improvement.

The big waves are scouring, the market is changing, and consumer behavior is changing. The only constant is that people's health needs for visual and auditory enjoyment are constantly improving.

In a foreseeable future, Audio will rise again, but it will be more scientific and more standardized.

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