"Boss, come to the horn, the most expensive, looks the most stylish!" Although the money can solve things is not a problem, although you can buy Hi-Fi, even Hi-end. However, as a new generation of knowledge youth, if you don’t know what type of speaker unit is used for the speakers bought by the heavy money, it’s a bit too embarrassing. Fortunately, I still have time to make up the class. After reading this article, I dare not say that I am an expert, but at least I can know the concept of the speaker.
Various categories of speakers
As the most important component in a speaker, a speaker is an electroacoustic device that converts an electrical signal into a sound signal. Specifically, the operation of the speaker is actually to convert a range of audio electric power signals into a audible sound with a small distortion and sufficient sound pressure level. There are many types of speakers, and the classification methods are also varied, such as working principle, radiation method, etc. This article mainly introduces several typical classifications.
Classified by working principle
Classified by working principle, the speakers are mainly divided into electric speakers, electromagnetic speakers, electrostatic speakers and piezoelectric speakers.
1. Electric speaker:
This type of speaker is also the most common type of audio on the present. It uses a live conductor as the voice coil. When an audio current signal is input into the voice coil, the voice coil is equivalent to a current carrying conductor. If it is placed in a fixed magnetic field, the voice coil will be subjected to a force that is proportional to the audio current and whose direction changes with the audio current, depending on the principle that the current carrying conductor will be subjected to a force in the magnetic field. In this way, the voice coil will vibrate under the action of the magnetic field, and the diaphragm will vibrate, and the air before and after the diaphragm will also vibrate, thus converting the electrical signal into sound waves to radiate around.
2. Electrostatic speaker:
Martin Logan electrostatic speaker
The electrostatic speaker was actually invented as early as the 1930s, but it was limited by the technical conditions at that time, and it was impossible to manufacture a practical product, so that the electric speaker gradually occupied the entire market. Today, Martin Logan is the most famous manufacturer of electrostatic speakers in the audio industry, while Japan's Stax is known for making electrostatic headphones. Electrostatic speaker products have advantages that are unmatched by electric speakers, coupled with the high cost. The price, which is destined to be one of the most compelling members of the Hi-End class. This kind of speaker uses the principle of capacitance, that is, the conductive diaphragm and the fixed electrode are arranged in opposite polarities to form a capacitor. The sound source electrical signal is applied to the two poles of the capacitor, and the poles are attracted by the change of the electric field strength, thereby driving the diaphragm to vibrate and sound.
3. Electromagnetic speaker:
Also called a reed type speaker, the sound source signal current will pass through the voice coil and will magnetize the reed made of soft iron material. The magnetized vibrating reed and magnet will attract or disengage each other to generate driving force and make the diaphragm. Vibrate and pronounce.
4. Piezoelectric speaker: Using the principle that the piezoelectric material is deformed by the action of the electric field, the piezoelectric element is placed in the electric field formed by the audio current signal to cause displacement, thereby generating a reverse voltage effect, and finally driving the diaphragm to sound. .
Classified by diaphragm shape
The diaphragm, an important component of the speaker that pushes the air out of the sound. According to the shape of the diaphragm, the speaker mainly has a cone shape, a flat shape, a dome shape, a strip shape, a sheet shape, and the like.
1. Conical diaphragm speaker:
The most widely used conical diaphragm speaker is the cone cone speaker. Its diaphragm is conical and is the most common and widely used speaker in electric speakers, especially as a subwoofer.
2. Flat speaker:
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