New wisdom: According to the author of this article Jeff Kerns, source machinedesign, compiled by the new wisdom exclusive compilation, refused to reprint without permission!
The situation where machines replaced human labor has happened a century ago. However, because of lack of knowledge, people are worried about their own work, or are satisfied with existing technology, and often have negative feelings about technological progress and changes. With the development of automation and industrial networking, many people still worry that they will lose their jobs and even undermine the development of technology. But is this really necessary?
Production and labor
Jeff Burnstein, chairman of the Advanced Automation Association, explained: "The real threat to work is because you can't stay competitive. If you can't cope with competition, you have only a few options - go overseas, be suspended, and get fired." Automation eliminates the need to migrate overseas, and often new technologies often win new business opportunities.
Automated assembly line production can not only help companies maintain their current level or even expand their business, but also bring new talents to the enterprise, because automation can attract experienced employees who are very interested in learning to use robots.
The picture shows the comparison between the use of robots in the United States and non-farm employment
Matt Tyler, CEO of Vickers Engineering, said: “We can now attract people who are not just staring at the payroll but trying to build a business.†Senior Automation Engineer Jordan Klint added: “To attract young people Incoming, we must have new technologies."
A company with technology and talent must also increase its production capacity. This is due to labor rates and production costs over the years. An example can be traced back to the early 19th century.
Mark Tarpenning, partner of Wardenclyffe Parners, said: “Reports have pointed out that it is impossible to transfer 20% of the agricultural population because industrial expansion cannot guarantee employment. Today, about 1% of the U.S. labor force is engaged in agricultural production. Meet the national food production needs."
The increase in social wealth is inseparable from the increase in productivity, while technology can exert a leverage on productivity. However, technology is not always good because it will increase the production cost rate.
In the 1960s and 1980s, automation was very rigid and mandatory. One reason was that designers tried to make machines work like humans. Over time, designers began to improve the machine's production process, making the machine more productive. Of course, this is inextricably linked to the costly and highly customized equipment.
More recently, electronics and software have given automation and robotics more flexibility. This may be the reason why people worry about unemployment. However, Tarpenning said: "Overall, the purpose of using equipment or tools is to produce better products instead of having to replace workers or take away job opportunities."
Driving force and key issues
In fact, according to Edloitte, an audit and financial consulting firm, from 2015 to 2025, there are 3.5 million jobs in manufacturing companies, of which 2 million jobs will not be realized because of the “technical gapâ€. In 2011, 600,000 jobs were not put on the job due to technological gaps. If this trend continues, robots and automation technology will be the only choice for companies to fulfill orders.
Economicmoedling.com company wrote in 2014: "Our competitive advantage mostly comes from experienced technicians and engineers, but if the demand for employees continues to maintain and large numbers of employees are about to retire, then this technological gap will become a big problem - - Especially senior management is very difficult to recruit.If engineers retire faster than students into the field, then students may not be able to learn the experience of their predecessors, over time, we may lose important Knowledge accumulation."
A group that can gain assistance with automation and robotics may be a skilled worker in the service industry. According to data from the Labor Bureau, the number of service jobs has risen, but manufacturing has declined. Although some job opportunities have returned to the United States from overseas, the labor department estimates that job opportunities will still decline at a lower rate.
In March 2016, the number of professional business service jobs increased to 33,000. Although this figure is not prominent in this particular industry, it represents a big leap compared with the 29,000 decline in manufacturing jobs. A3 Chairman Burnstein said: "In recent years, experienced laborers have begun to look for some service-related jobs. This shows a harsh reality - manufacturing is not an attractive industry for workers."
As more manufacturing jobs flow back to the United States, the issue of technology generation gap is still a focus. The Boston Consulting Group studied data from manufacturing industries in 25 countries, covering 10% of the world's exports in 10 years (2001 to 2014), trying to understand the decisions that drive global sourcing in economics. They found four key factors affecting the choice of manufacturing regions: manufacturing wages, production labor, energy costs, and exchange rates. These four factors also made the United States improve its cost competitive advantage within ten years. They said that although some job opportunities have returned to the United States, there will be more work to return in the future.
The figure shows the relationship between work needs and technology generation gaps in the United States in the next decade
In order not to be replaced by a robot, we must study hard!
According to the above, we cannot evade this obvious question: If the world's population continues to increase and the world's overall labor market shrinks, how long can we sustain the support of the world economy? Manufacturing can barely support the United States by 1,500 workers instead of 10,000 overseas workers, but this may make things in one direction - a vicious cycle of continuous growth of the world's inexperienced labor.
For example, while Cambodia provides cheap, unexperienced labor, technology is changing this model. The development of 3D printing and robot automation will replace workers in the garment industry in Cambodia. According to 3DprintIndustry.com, “In the next 20 years, the majority of garment workers in Cambodia will be unemployed because of advances in technology and automated systems will replace low-experience workers.â€
The ILO study found that 88% of Cambodian textile and apparel footwear workers are in danger of being replaced by automated machines. The replacement of 60% of production jobs by a single production department and machine will have a huge impact in a country like Cambodia where textile and apparel footwear manufacturing dominates.
The chief economist of the Asian Development Bank, Shang-Jin Wei, pointed out in his policy recommendations to Cambodia: “Most countries have a young workforce but do not have the experience to meet business needs, so the challenge for policymakers is to bridge this gap. And it does not match. For Cambodia, the development of a more highly qualified, more competent and more productive workforce is particularly important." It is impossible to prevent technological progress to maintain economic development, so the key issue is education.
In the United States, it seems easier to remind people not to repeat the mistakes of Cambodia. Tarpenning said: “We often hear that technology replaces workers’ doomsday plots, but this is only a negative aspect of technological development. Although individual workers may be replaced and job search opportunities are more difficult, reforms do not affect everyone equally. The overall progress of society has been made."
Worry-free people may be people who make and program robots. However, John Rinaldi, Real Time Automation’s CEO, said: “Humanity has good leadership skills, social cooperation capabilities, goal setting capabilities, teaching capabilities, motivational capabilities, and marketing capabilities that are inherent to humans. They may be robots. Instead, we don't want to. Even though robots can teach mathematics, they can perceive children's emotions, but as humans, we don't let it happen, and humans will cherish these social capabilities forever."
If you still feel worried, then remember that Harvard professor William Bossert summed it up: "If you are afraid of being replaced by a robot, then you may and should be replaced." Although this sounds cruel, but it will remind you to continue education importance.
According to Career Builder and Economic Modeling Specialist International, the most recent growth has been: software engineers, market analysts, marketing experts, development and training experts, financial analysts, physiotherapists, network engineers, Los Angeles-based Missy Plastics Missy Rogers concluded: "We should 'exploit' technology rather than humans. Low-cost labor only exploits people. Effective production requires the development of technology."
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