The iPhone 6s has been officially released in the past two weeks, and the channels have been sold in full swing. Compared with the previous generation, the iPhone 6s is undoubtedly the biggest change and selling point is to bring a new 3D Touch technology. 3D Touch allows the iPhone 6s to recognize two-dimensional touch operations that exceed the usual flatness, and the user can press the force of the phone to trigger different operations. It is reported that Apple has started research and development of this technology as early as five years ago. So how does the pressure-sensing 3D Touch technology work and how is it combined with hardware and software? Here is the most detailed answer.
Innovative interactive experience
Compared to multi-touch operation in 3D space, 3D Touch technology increases the perception of velocity and finger area. You can quickly preview and view the text, picture or hyperlink you want by long press, Peek The response time of the Pop gesture can be as fast as 10ms and 15ms. Specific innovative interactions can be divided into three types of operations:
The first category mainly involves quick previews at different levels. Like the mail application commonly used by office workers, you can press a message directly in the mailing list, and the preview page of the mail will appear. This operation is called “Peek†by Apple.
After Peek, you have two options: if you are not interested in this email, you can release your hand to return to the list page; if you are interested, you can press again to enter the email to view more information. This operation is called "Pop". In addition, a similar preview feature can be used to preview a URL, preview a map, or preview a photo that has already been taken.
The second category is mainly the shortcut function bar behind the icon. You can open a shortcut function bar by pressing any application icon. The shortcut function bar will have some functions that are frequently used but require cumbersome operations (such as the camera function of WeChat friends circle). At this point, you can click on one of the functions and you can go directly to the application without the tedious operation. This way, each app will have up to four "first screen entries." This is not only convenient for the user, but it is much more convenient and faster for the application developer to promote a certain function.
The third category is mainly the interaction improvement of some special applications. For example, when you send a text message, you may encounter a situation where you need to paste and copy a certain paragraph of text. Now, by pressing the virtual keyboard, the virtual keyboard can be used as a touchpad. You can use the cursor to move or cut or copy the text without having to press and hold it with your finger or click it; for example, if you Now press the left side of the screen and then right to slide, you can call out the multitasking interface to switch the application, which is much more convenient than double-clicking the Home button.
Finally, since 3D Touch can recognize your pressing strength, it naturally has an inherent advantage in painting. Now your brush stroke thickness can vary with the strength of your press, which of course is only useful for professionals. In general, the use of 3D Touch has greatly improved the efficiency of mobile phone operation.
Principle of pressure touch recognition
Before the release of the iPhone 6s, there were many rumors that this will be equipped with the Force Touch technology used on the previous Macbook trackpad and Apple Watch. After the actual release, we can see that the technology on board seems to be a bit more clear than Force Touch.
From Apple's related promo, you can see that 3D Touch seems to have real pressure sensing, but in fact the mobile phone screen can not achieve true 3D, at most only the long and wide area of ​​pressure change, then the feeling of pressure How did the test come? It is also very simple, that is, the area of ​​the finger pressure.
The picture above is a picture of Apple's earlier application for a patented technology for suspected screen pressure recognition. The patent report shows that in addition to the ordinary force sensor, the device also uses a temperature compensation force sensor, which consists of two or more transparent force-sensitive components, and a compatible layer is formed between the force-sensitive components. Probably means that the 512 and 522 force-sensitive components in the above figure can measure the change of pressure separately, so that three different levels of pressure touch can be identified.
In addition, from the official rendering of Apple, the iPhone 6s entire screen covers the touch pressure sensor. From the picture, there are a total of 72 small area pressure sensors under the iPhone 6s screen, which can prepare to recognize the screen pressing force at each position of the screen.
When you press down hard, the contact area between your finger and the screen is definitely larger than when you touch it. The phone recognizes the pressure in this way. The pressure recognition on the iPhone 6s can be divided into 3 levels, including tap, press, and strong press, which are the Peek and Pop functions mentioned above. When the 3D Touch is operating, the process will generally be: the screen senses finger contact, determines the finger pressing area, the pressure sensing component processes the signal, the CPU receives the signal and feeds back the response, and produces a display change.
3D Touch construction
At the press conference, you can know that the body of the iPhone 6s has become thicker by 0.2 mm than the previous generation. In addition to the factors that are partly attributed to the enhancement of the fuselage, the main reason is that the addition of 3D Touch technology has led to changes in the screen structure. .
According to the existing partial disassembly, the screen of the iPhone 6s still uses the incell screen provided by Japanese manufacturers such as JDI. The touch layer of the incell screen is under the cover glass, and the pressure touch sensor of the 3D Touch is also added. This is also the main reason for the thickening of the fuselage.
In addition, according to the previous complete disassembly of the Force Touch technology-enabled MAC, there are four pressure sensors on the touchpad, which are located in the four sides of the touch, and there is also a "feedback system" composed of magnetic materials. A "feedback device" consisting of a magnetic material, which is used to give feedback to the user when the user presses the sound or vibration, so that the user's experience is more "realistic".
This is similar to the multi-level vibration feedback on the iPhone 6s. Apple calls this feedback system the TapTIc Engine. Force Touch and 3D Touch are all based on Apple's TapTIc engine, but whether you admit it or not, 3D Touch is indeed better than Force Touch. Maybe the Apple Watch and MacBook will also upgrade this new pressure touch screen in the future.
Since there is no piece-by-piece disassembly of the iPhone 6s pressure touch part, it is not known how to place the pressure touch part in detail. However, due to technical and technological limitations, it is currently not very light and thin, with its physical limits. However, for the average user, the 0.2 mm thickness variation is almost negligible.
to sum up
The introduction of 3D Touch technology will set off a new touch revolution. I believe that in the future, the technology will continue to improve and enhance the interactive form, and more Apple products will also introduce this technology. For other manufacturers, it will certainly be the same as the original Touch ID, to develop a similar technology, not to open a bigger gap.
Take a deep breath, close your eyes, the world has the freshest oxygen ... Yu Quan's "Deep Breath" is well known to us, but as the environmental problems become more and more serious, the haze sky also increases, PM2.5 PM10 and so on Vocabulary has also been mentioned more and more, and air purifiers have quickly become popular on the market with this "air quality" trend. Along with this, the air-clean brand has sprung up, and various technologies are dazzling. Which ones are indeed effective and which are just tasteless propaganda? How does the Air Purifier bother us to get rid of pollution? And look at the editors for you.
Analysis of air purifier
The critical value of PM2.5 content is 75 μg / m3
The pollutants in the air mainly include soot, total suspended particulates, inhalable particulates (PM2.5) and fine particulates (PM10). The smaller the diameter of the particulates, the deeper the part that can enter the respiratory tract. 10 micron diameter particles It is deposited in the upper respiratory tract, and particles below 2 microns can penetrate 100% into the bronchiole and alveoli.
1k-5k air purifier prices vary greatly
The air purifier products on the market not only have various functions, but also have prices ranging from thousand yuan to tens of thousands. The pricing of imported products is generally higher than that of domestic brands. Except for the core technology of many brands, the promotion of purification effects is similar, and consumers need to choose according to demand.
The air quality standard of 74 key cities is only 4.1%
According to the data of the press conference held by the State Council Information Office on June 4, according to the new "Ambient Air Quality Standards", the six pollutants SO2, NO2, PM10, PM2.5, CO and O3 were evaluated, 74 new standards In the first phase of monitoring and implementation, the proportion of cities that met the ambient air quality standards was only 4.1%, and the other 256 cities implemented the old air quality standards, and the proportion of cities that met the standards was 69.5%.
Air purifier sales increased by 90.5% compared with last year
According to a report recently released by the China Electronics and Information Industry Development Institute, due to the haze weather, air purifiers have become the most concerned home appliance products, with sales of nearly 2.4 million units nationwide last year, a year-on-year increase of 90.5%; retail The amount reached 5.6 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 105.9%.
HEPA filter needs to be replaced in March
The filter of the air purifier is the same as the filter of the water purifier, and it is not effective for a long time. After long-term use, the accumulation of dust on the surface of the filter will also cause the filter to gradually fail. Therefore, when the haze is more serious, the non-washable HEPA filter needs to be replaced every three months.
Merchants claim that the purification rate is more than 99% for the concept of stealing
99% or even 99.99% seems to have become a slogan for many air purifiers on the market. Many brands of products promote their high removal rate of PM2.5 and formaldehyde. In fact, this kind of publicity is more of a kind. The slogan of stealing the concept, the removal rate of 99% is the effect of the material itself on PM2.5 and formaldehyde, not the effect of actually running in space.
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