Most of the lamps and light sources today use standard A19 bulbs, which are now available in LED versions, but at a high price. For example, an LED bulb that is equivalent to a 40W or 60W ordinary bulb brightness has a retail price of $20 and $40, respectively. Some LED lights are dimmable, some are not adjustable; others have only a few dimming files for a particular LED light. These LED bulbs claim to have an expected life of 25,000 to 50,000 hours under normal three or four hours of use. These LED bulbs may be longer than the user if used properly and economically. But why are LED bulbs so expensive? Are they really worth the money?
In the process of finding the scientific answer by component analysis company MuAnalysis, we have dismantled five A19 LED bulbs: one of them is a Philips product (12.5W/800 lumens), equivalent to a 60W ordinary bulb; The products from Feit, GE, Pharox and Sylvania are equivalent to 40W ordinary bulbs. By dismantling these five bulbs, we found a lot of problems.
Each LED bulb is packaged in a special package. Unlike the shrink-wrapped packages of tungsten and CFL bulbs, the cool packaging of these LED bulbs adds to the overall cost. Obviously, these bulbs have not yet succumbed to ordinary goods; they are expensive and the momentum is expected to continue.
However, in the current environment where the price of electronic products is rapidly declining, the long service life is no longer the only focus of attention. So why is a light bulb product more expensive than a low-cost digital camera?
For simple products like light bulbs, the appearance is definitely a selling point. The appearance of each of the LED bulbs we have disassembled is unconventional. For example, GE's bulbs use ceramic necks and linings, and have a glass stem, which is more expensive than plastic and metal.
All bulbs have a small printed circuit board, large electrolytic capacitors and transformers on the neck of the lamp? ? It is an indispensable protagonist on the board. The LED reliability factor has been greatly improved; however, how long can the life of electrolytic capacitors be in high heat working conditions?
Dimmable bulbs use power transistors from Infineon or STMicroelectronics. Among these lamps, we did not find silicon carbide technology.
The LED driver ICs used in each lamp are different. Pharox uses four ICs, 40 resistors and 16 capacitors, plus a transformer and multiple diodes. All of this is to dim an LED bulb equivalent to 40W, but only in some cases, when your old dimmer may not be compatible, you need to buy a new dimmer.
Philips uses a fine phosphor that relies on the bulb encapsulation material for wavelength conversion. Cerium oxide is used as a fluorescent medium in more than one luminaire. In the past few years, we have noticed many kinds of LED bulbs, but we have never seen the use of bismuth elements. Among them are more conventional phosphors such as ytterbium and ytterbium doped YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet), and other rare earth elements such as lanthanum and cerium.
Surprisingly, the above LED bulbs use blue GaN LEDs, not RGB LEDs. In Pharox's products, there are red LEDs with lenses, but these red LEDs don't work when the bulb is lit. Obviously, these red LEDs are not used for color balance. Maybe, the bulb turns red only when the bulb is bad, or it is used to indicate that the bulb is wired incorrectly.
Philips uses many of its own LUXEON Rebel LEDs in a modular configuration to replace broken modules. We expect Sylvania to use OSRAM 's LEDs (perhaps its Dragon series), but this is not the case. Two of the bulbs used Cree's LED dies.
LED bulbs equivalent to 40W ordinary bulbs have a luminous area ranging from 4mm2 to 12mm2, while power consumption is between 6W and 9W. Some of these bulbs contain 4 LED dies; others have 48 LEDs. Considering that a light bulb consists of dozens of individual LEDs, under what conditions can the light bulb be considered "end of life"? Can't find this on a fancy package filled with warnings, disclaimers and warranty labels. The life of the bulb product. Will the LED bulb be accompanied by a dazzling flash when it is "end to sleep"? Or will it still work as usual until the last 1 second before "sacrifice"? Is there a darkening of the light so that the user decides when to replace the light bulb?
There are a lot of questions, but we haven't answered the question at the beginning of this article: Why is the A19 LED Bulb so expensive? At 50 lm/W to 60 lm/W, LED bulbs are comparable to 40W CFLs, while CFLs typically have 560 lm/10W; CFL bulbs for several dollars can be used for 8 years. The energy saved by a LED bulb is equivalent to buying 2 or 3 CFL bulbs in the next 25 years. Fortunately, CFL bulbs are available in 2 or 4 sets.
No matter how long the bulbs last, they are just a commodity. I have not seen a CFL that can achieve its nominal life. Typically, the "soft rib" of a CFL bulb is the electronic circuit of its neck; for LED bulbs, the situation should be roughly the same.
However, for CFL, we avoid mercury pollution at the expense of energy consumption. The LED bulb has a double attraction: it can be lit immediately without preheating time; secondly, it does not contain mercury, the rare earth elements used in LEDs are very low in toxicity, and the amount of rare earth elements used is also very small.
Over time, the price of LED bulbs will gradually decrease, making it a cleaner, safer alternative to CFLs and expected to have a longer life. In addition, we can also look forward to the new features of LED bulbs; for these reasons, the potential of LED bulbs is unlimited.
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