According to the US consulting firm Transparency Market Research, the global biometrics market will grow from $11.24 billion in 2015 to $23.3 billion in 2020, with a compound annual growth rate of 15.7%. The biometrics market is experiencing rapid growth.
As technology continues to advance, various password authentication methods have evolved, from "username + password" to "biometric + live detection." Biometrics is by far the most convenient and secure identification technology. According to the US consulting firm Transparency Market Research, the global biometrics market will grow from $11.24 billion in 2015 to $23.3 billion in 2020. The average annual growth rate is 15.7%. The biometrics market is experiencing rapid growth.
Biometric technology
The so-called biometric technology is the combination of computer and optical, acoustic, biosensor and biostatistical principles, using the inherent physiological characteristics of the human body (such as fingerprints, faces, irises, etc.) and behavioral features (such as handwriting). , voice, gait, etc.) to identify individuals. Biometrics are more secure, confidential, and convenient than traditional methods of identification.
In terms of biometric identification itself, it can be divided into fingerprint recognition, face recognition, iris recognition, palm vein recognition and the like. The following is a comparison of the four most widely used identification technologies.
Fingerprint recognition
As the name suggests, fingerprint recognition is to identify the identity by identifying the fingerprint path. At present, fingerprint identification is the most widely used method of security authentication. In public places, fingerprints can be selected for work or customs clearance.
After the rise of smart hardware, many personal authentication methods, including smartphones, also chose fingerprint recognition. From a technical point of view, fingerprint recognition is mainly divided into three types: capacitive, optical and ultrasonic. Because the ultrasonic recognition technology is not mature, the fingerprint recognition chip mounted on the mobile phone is mostly a capacitive fingerprint sensor. After the fingerprint is collected through the surface mirror, the collected fingerprint is evaluated for quality, and the sample in the fingerprint library is compared to finally determine the information.
Although fingerprint recognition is widely used, it also has certain drawbacks, because the touch verification method has very high requirements on the environment, and has requirements for the humidity and cleanliness of the fingers. Fingerprint wear can also cause unrecognizable consequences; others may There is no fingerprint, or there are few fingerprint features, and it is impossible to image. The most important thing is that fingerprint traces are easy to retain, there is a possibility of being copied, and the security is reduced.
Iris recognition
For many people, iris recognition is still a new term. And let the iris recognition quickly spread into the people's lives, God assists non-smart phones. Designed and manufactured by Fujitsu, ARROWS NX F-04G is the world's first mass-produced smartphone with iris recognition technology, while Samsung uses iris recognition in Note7 and later high-end flagships. At present, a number of domestic mobile phones also have this feature.
In fact, iris recognition is a new bottle of wine. Compared with fingerprint recognition, the concept of iris recognition was only five years late, and it has been 133 years since. Iris recognition technology identifies the identity through the unique features of the human eye iris, and the accuracy of iris feature matching exceeds that of DNA matching. This technology has been widely recognized in the biometric industry as the current identification, stability, and scalability of identity systems.
The iris recognition features are determined in a random combination before birth, once they are formed for life. Although the accuracy of iris recognition is higher in various biometrics, compared to other biometric hardware, iris recognition hardware is costly and difficult to promote on a large scale; the lens may produce image distortion and reduce reliability; an automatic iris The identification system consists of two major modules: hardware and software, iris image acquisition device and iris recognition algorithm. Corresponding to the two basic problems of image acquisition and pattern matching, there are still many technical difficulties to overcome in large-scale commercial use.
face recognition
Face recognition combines computer image processing technology with the principle of biostatistics. Computer image processing technology is used to extract portrait feature points from video. The mathematical model is used to analyze and establish mathematical model, that is, face feature template. The feature analysis of the face image of the subject is performed by using the established face feature template, and a similar value is given according to the analysis result. Use this value to determine if it is the same person.
Compared with fingerprint recognition, face recognition uses more data and is more accurate. Moreover, unlike the fingerprints that need to be contacted, the face is identified by an empty space, and the verification of the specific matter is not required, and the verifier's attention is not required. This is also the reason why criminal suspects can be found at star concerts. In image recognition, automatic verification can be performed. This is the ability that contact recognition does not have. However, according to foreign media reports, Orlando and the Orlando Police Department issued a statement on June 25 local time, saying that they stopped using Amazon's deep learning face recognition technology, Rekognition, last week. The two sides began a six-month period from December last year. The contract has expired and is currently not renewed.
In facial recognition, the differences between individuals with similar similarities are small, the structures of all faces are similar, and even the structural shapes of facial organs are similar. Such a feature is advantageous for positioning with a face, but is disadvantageous for distinguishing a human individual with a face; the shape of the variability face is unstable, and a person can generate many expressions through changes in the face, and at different viewing angles, the face The visual images are also very different. In addition, facial recognition is also affected by various lighting conditions (such as day and night, indoor and outdoor, etc.), many coverings of the face (such as masks, sunglasses, hair, beards, etc.), age, etc. Impact.
Vein recognition
The main purpose is to use the structure of the venous blood vessels for identification. Since the vein pattern contains a large amount of characteristic information, it can be used as an object of verification. The principle of palm vein recognition is to use the different absorption characteristics of specific wavelengths of infrared light between the venous blood vessels and the muscles and the epiphyses to form a unique vein image.
At present, palm vein recognition technology (MPG) technology is used as a carrier to respond intelligently to the needs of tourism, people's livelihood, business, community, transportation and other fields. Reference News Network reported on June 23 that in China, "smart vending machines" using cutting-edge IT technologies such as face and vein recognition have become popular. The customer closes the palm of the hand to the corresponding mark on the machine and the door opens automatically. This is an intelligent vending machine that uses vein recognition technology. According to reports, this intelligent vending machine has established cooperation with Alipay, a smart phone settlement system. After confirming that the vein information is the person, the plurality of cameras installed on the device will detect which items the customer has taken, and then complete the settlement through Alipay while closing the door. The customer does not even need to remove the phone from the bag.
The palm vein recognition technology mentioned in the reference news report was developed by Shenhai Technology, an artificial intelligence company in Shanghai. Palm vein recognition technology (MPG) is the most convenient and safe identification technology at present. Through special photoelectric conversion equipment and computer image processing technology, according to the characteristics of hemoglobin in the blood, which absorbs infrared light, the acquired MPG will be acquired. The images are digitally processed and matched using a sophisticated algorithm to identify individuals and identify them. Palm vein recognition has all the advantages, uniqueness, safety and convenience of biometric technology. Compared to external biometrics (fingerprints, faces, etc.), the level of safety and reliability is hundreds of times higher.
In addition to its application in the field of smart retail, Shenlan's mature palm vein biometric technology has reached commercial level in many fields such as automobiles and access control. Driving does not require a key, sweeping the door to open the door; entering the office area, sweeping the door to open the door; it has replaced the cumbersome password, complex documents, making itself a core of a safe and seamless world. However, like the iris recognition technology, the hardware cost of the MPG is higher, but with the development of technology and the continuous upgrading of the industry, the hardware cost is expected to be further reduced and reached a large-scale popularity.
to sum up
With the advent of the Internet of Things era, biometrics will have a broader market prospect. At present, the four most widely used biometric identification technologies inevitably have some problems in practical applications. In comparison, palm vein recognition technology (MPG) is easy to use, unique, has low misrecognition rate, is difficult to obtain, and is not easy to lose. It is obvious in the application scenarios of common scenes to high security level requirements. Advantage. The author believes that in the near future, the hand-held identification technology will bring more possibilities to our lives; we will wait and see in all aspects of life.
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